4-Month-Old Baby: Development and Milestones

Ah, the four-month mark! The newborn stage has officially ended, but a much more exciting chapter has started. As your baby is growing up so fast, every day feels like a new adventure. At this stage, your tiny baby is showing signs of their unique personality—smiling, cooing, and maybe even rolling over. It’s natural to wonder if your baby is hitting the right milestones or what surprises lie ahead.

At Happy Baby, we understand how exciting and sometimes overwhelming this phase can be. That’s why we’ve crafted this guide to help you navigate your 4-month-old baby’s growth. From social smiles to sleep regressions, we’ll walk you through everything you need to know. Let’s dive in!

What to expect?

Understand your 4-month-old baby’s development

Baby giggles melt one’s heart. In fact, there’s nothing more adorable than hearing your baby giggle for the first time. At 4-month-old, your baby is a bundle of curiosity and joy, exploring the world through giggles, babbles, and new movements. But when they hit the 4-month-old mark, that’s the stage of discovery—for both you and your baby.

 

From social smiles to tummy-time triumphs, your baby’s development encompasses many areas, including social, emotional, physical, and cognitive growth.

We’ll take you through each milestone with tips and resources to help you navigate this exciting chapter of parenting. Let’s start with your baby’s blossoming social skills.

Social and emotional development

Your 4-month-old is becoming a social butterfly, responding to the world with smiles, coos, and even giggles. Here are some delightful milestones to watch for:

  • Spontaneous smiles: Your baby flashes those heart-melting grins not just for you but for anyone who makes eye contact. Yes, even the ceiling fan might get one!
  • Playful engagement: They’re ready to giggle, coo, and “talk” during playtime.
  • Copycat movements: Babies this age love imitating simple movements and facial expressions. Stick out your tongue and watch their little wheels turn as they try to do the same.
  • Mini meltdowns: Playtime is fun until it stops. Don’t worry if they get upset when the fun ends—it’s their way of saying, “Encore!” 

Tips for parents: Engage with your baby using a kind and upbeat voice. Make silly faces and play peek-a-boo to strengthen emotional bonds.

But that’s not all. As babies grow older, they also start developing language and communication skills. Have you ever wondered what your baby’s ‘aahs’ and ‘oohs’ mean? Let’s decode their secret baby talk. 

Language and communication development

There are moments as a new parent you simply don’t forget, such as the first heartbeat or the sound of their voice. At 4-month-olds, your baby starts to find their voice—literally. Be prepared for some serious babbling!

  • Cooing and babbling: They’ll “talk” to you in vowels and squeals. Once your baby babbles at you, pause and respond enthusiastically to encourage them to talk back. Repeat their coos and add words. When they say, “Ahh,” you can reply, “Oh really? Tell me more!” It’s a baby TED Talk. This way, they’ll learn that communication is a two-way street.
  • Differentiated cries: By now, you might recognize the “I’m hungry” cry versus the “I dropped my toy, and my world is ending” cry. But let’s learn more about what your baby is trying to communicate with these cries. There are 5 distinct sounds that babies make and different cries can indicate different needs or emotions:
    • Neh: A sound that indicates hunger. It's made when a baby's sucking reflex is triggered and their tongue is pushed up against the roof of their mouth.
    • Eh: A sound that usually indicates a need to burp. It indicates that there's trapped air in the baby's chest.
    • Owh: A sound that may come with or without a yawn and indicates that the baby is sleepy. It's common when babies are ready for a nap or bedtime.
    • Eairh or earggghh: A sound that indicates the baby is gassy or needs to poop. It often signals gastric distress.
    • Heh: A sound that indicates the baby is physically uncomfortable, such as being hot, cold, or wet. It can also indicate that the baby needs a diaper change.

Training your ears to understand why your baby is crying can help you manage their needs and reduce sleep problems. However, if your baby's crying seems related to pain or colic, you should consult your pediatrician.

Pro Tip: Babies thrive on interaction. Narrate your day, mimic their sounds, and celebrate their vocal milestones—you’re building their language skills one “goo goo” at a time.

It can become overwhelming at times when you are trying to understand your baby, but don’t be hard on yourself. You are learning and it’s all new for you and your baby. If you understand their development needs, you can always be there for their help. 

Now it’s time for some ‘peek-a-boo’ to help your 4-month-old brain and cognitive development. Learn how your baby's brain starts developing at 4 months.

Brain and cognitive development

Your baby’s brain is on overdrive, making connections faster than you can say “peek-a-boo.”

  • Familiar faces: They recognize you, siblings, and maybe even the dog—although Fido’s tail might still be the most exciting thing.
  • Hand-eye coordination: Watch as they begin to reach for toys and bring them (or your hair) to their mouth.
  • Laughing out loud: That belly laugh? Pure magic.
  • Increased affection: They respond to hugs, kisses, and affection with smiles and cuddles.

Fun Fact: Peek-a-boo isn’t just a game—it’s cognitive development in action! Babies are learning object permanence, which is a fancy way of saying, “Even when I don’t see Mommy, she still exists.

”Oh my Goodness! Your baby’s brain is developing at a rapid pace, but what about their physical movement development? We know you are waiting for your baby to get up and take their first steps. But it’s still a little too early for that. 

That doesn’t mean your baby’s physical development is not happening. Learn next how your baby’s muscles start building strength. Until then, let’s cherish their little achievements!

Physical and movement development

Tummy time 1 becomes a regular part of your baby’s routine at this stage, helping them strengthen muscles 2, and your baby is showing off their growing strength.

  • Head control: They can hold their head steady and raise it during tummy time like a little yoga pro.
  • Rolling over: Many babies begin rolling from front to back. Prepare for some surprise moves during diaper changes!
  • Grasping objects: Rattles, toys, or even your hair—if it’s in reach, it’s theirs.
  • Muscle development: Tummy time remains key for strengthening their neck, back, and arms.

Parental Hack: Rolling over means it’s time to baby-proof. Move the changing mat to the floor, to prevent your baby from rolling off the changing table! Always keep a close eye on your little one while you're changing or dressing them - babies are quick, and they'll only get faster as they grow.

Your baby’s little squirms are turning into more purposeful movements like rolling and wiggling, a sign they’re gaining strength and coordination. 

With all this newfound activity and movement, your baby is bound to work up an appetite. Let’s talk about how you can support their growing body and their nutritional needs. 

Food and nutrition

At four months, your baby’s diet is still mainly milk-based, but they’re becoming pros at showing you when they’re hungry. Look for hand-to-mouth movements, rooting, or those adorable hunger cries. 

  • Breastmilk or formula: Their primary source of nutrition continues to be breastmilk or formula, with feedings every 3-4 hours.

As your baby is growing older, their needs change, from their nutrition to their sleep pattern. Let’s learn what new patterns start developing at four months.

Sleep milestones and patterns

Finally, your most compromised sleep can be back soon! The dream of your baby’s longer sleep stretches may be within reach (fingers crossed).

  • Night sleep: Babies sleep 9-10 hours at night - yet not through the night! They're still waking up 3-4 hrs to feed.
  • Nap time: Naps become more regular, with 2-3 naps a day, each lasting anywhere from 30 minutes to 120 minutes.
  • Sleep regression: The dreaded 4-month sleep regression might hit, babies have additional sleep cycles so from 4 months old they are able to sleep longer. Stick to a consistent bedtime routine and stay calm—it’s temporary.

Sleep Hack: Always place your baby on their back to sleep and keep the crib clear of loose bedding and toys. If sleep regression feels like a test, know you’re acing it. Keep up the good work, and remember—it’s just a phase!

Read More: How baby sleep develops?

Play and activity suggestions

Your baby’s playtime isn’t just fun—it’s essential for their growth. It is important to learn what activities will help your 4-month-old’s growth and development. 

  • Tummy time: Continue daily tummy time to build muscle strength.
  • Bright toys: Use colorful toys to encourage visual tracking and hand-eye coordination.
  • Sitting practice: Help your baby sit with support to strengthen their core muscles.

Fun Activity: Narrate playtime like a sports commentator. “And she’s reaching for the rattle… what a grip! Future Olympian?”When you see your baby’s growth and development, it feels like an achievement. Reward yourself with a trophy, ‘Best Parents’, you deserve it! 

Sleep assistance

Sleep aids

Short & Sweet

At four months, your baby is growing physically and emotionally,  learning how to roll, sit, etc. and exploring the world in various ways. While milestones provide a general guide, remember that every baby develops at their own pace. Celebrate the little achievements, be patient with the challenges, and, most importantly, soak in all the cuddles and giggles. If you ever have concerns about missed milestones, don’t hesitate to consult your paediatrician.

Do you want to know more about your growing baby’s nutrition needs? Happy Baby keeps on top of how much your baby sleeps, feeds, and develops.

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FAQ - Everything else you should know

1. What should my 4-month-old baby be able to do?

2. How much should my 4-month-old sleep?

3. Is it okay to start my 4-month-old on solid foods?

4. How can I encourage my 4-month-old’s development?

5. When should I be concerned about missed milestones?

Sources

  1. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (n.d.). Tummy Time and Infant Sleep. Retrieved from https://safetosleep.nichd.nih.gov/reduce-risk/tummy-time
  2. S. M. York, J. A. Kuo, K. O'Connor, & K. Moon. (2020). Tummy Time and Infant Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review. Pediatrics, 145(6), e20192168. Retrieved from https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/145/6/e20192168/76940/Tummy-Time-and-Infant-Health-Outcomes-A-Systematic?autologincheck=redirected
  3. Harvard University Center on the Developing Child. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://developingchild.harvard.edu/
  4. Harvard University Center on the Developing Child. (n.d.). Brain Building Through Play. Retrieved from https://developingchild.harvard.edu/resources/brainbuildingthroughplay/
  5. American Academy of Pediatrics. (n.d.). Emotional and Social Development: 4–7 Months. Retrieved from https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/baby/Pages/Emotional-and-Social-Development-4-7-Months.aspx
  6. American Academy of Pediatrics. (n.d.). Social and Emotional Development in Infants. Retrieved from https://publications.aap.org/aapbooks/book/668/chapter-abstract/8094486/Social-and-Emotional-Development?redirectedFrom=fulltext
  7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (n.d.). 4-Month Milestones. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/actearly/milestones/milestones-4mo.html#openSmilesAttention.